log4cpp 是参考 log4j 所写的 c++ 版本的写 log 的库。可以在这里下载
1,定义了一个 _LOG4CPP 宏,用来打开或关闭 log4cpp 的调用,以便在完全不需要 log 的情况下可以运行,例如进行性能测试时;又比如 log4cpp 可能有内存泄露,关闭使用它,可以检查程序其它地方是否有泄露;
2,在写 log 时,自动加上函数名,以方便跟踪运行信息;(在 gcc 可以用可变参数宏定义,vc 中用其它办法,稍后说明)
3,每一个需要写 log 的类,都加上一个静态 log 实例,以方便通过配置,使得相应的 log 可以输出到指定的地方,有利于跟踪特定的运行信息;
4,不直接调用 log4cpp ,而是通过宏定义来使用,原因同1,即有利于关闭 log 功能;
基于以上几点,我写了几个函数及宏定义等,以下逐一说明:
// InitializeLog4cpp 从指定的 log 配置文件中读取信息,并初始化 log4cpp,这个函数在进程的入口处调用
void InitializeLog4cpp(const std::string & logfile);
// ReleaseLog4cpp 用于释入 log4cpp ,在进程的结束处调用
// 以下宏用于在类中声明一个静态变量,变量名为 "log"
DEFINE_STATIC_LOG(ClassName)
// 以下是用来写 log 信息的几个宏,严重级别分别为 DEBUG, INFO, NOTICE, ERROR
#include "LogUtils.h" namespace dk{ class Demo{ public: Demo(); virtual ~Demo(); public: void TestIt(int i, int j);private: DECLARE_STATIC_LOG();}; } |
Demo.cpp 文件主要内容:
#include "Demo.h" namespace dk{ DEFINE_STATIC_LOG(Demo);Demo::Demo(){ LogInfo("");}Demo::~Demo(){ LogInfo("");}void Demo::TestIt(int i, int j){ LogInfo("i=%d, j=%d", i, j);} } |
再写个例子来运行,可以看到类似输出
[INFO] - Demo::Demo() -
[INFO] - Demo::TestIt() - i=1, j=2
[INFO] - Demo::~Demo() -
最后附上完整的
LogUtils.h
LogUtils.cpp
LogTracer.h (这个文件是因为 vc 不支持可变参数的宏,所以采用的取巧方法,这方法是从网上搜来的,出处忘了,请见谅。)
LogUtils.h
#ifndef _LOG_UTILS_H_#define _LOG_UTILS_H_#include <string>#include "LogTracer.h"#if defined(_LOG4CPP)#include <log4cpp/Category.hh>namespace log4cpp{ class Category;};#endifnamespace dk{ void InitializeLog4cpp(const std::string & logfile);void ReleaseLog4cpp();#if defined (_LOG4CPP)log4cpp::Category & GetLogCategory(const char * categoryName);#endif#if defined (_LOG4CPP)# define DECLARE_STATIC_LOG() static log4cpp::Category & log# define DEFINE_STATIC_LOG(ClassName) log4cpp::Category & ClassName::log =GetLogCategory(#ClassName)#else# define DECLARE_STATIC_LOG()# define DEFINE_STATIC_LOG(ClassName)#endifvoid suck(const char * fmt, ...);#if defined(_LOG4CPP) && defined(WIN32)# define MakePrefix std::string(__FUNCTION__).append("() - ")# define LogDebug (LogDebuger(log, MakePrefix))# define LogInfo (LogInfoer(log, MakePrefix))# define LogNotice (LogNoticer(log, MakePrefix))# define LogError (LogErrorer(log, MakePrefix))#elif defined(_LOG4CPP) && !defined(WIN32)# defineMakePrefix(fmt) std::string(__FILE__).append("::").append(__FUNCTION__).append("() - ").append(fmt).c_str()# define LogDebug(fmt, ...) log.debug(MakePrefix(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)# define LogInfo(fmt, ...) log.info(MakePrefix(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)# define LogNotice(fmt, ...) log.notice(MakePrefix(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)# define LogError(fmt, ...) log.error(MakePrefix(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)#else# define LogDebug suck# define LogInfo suck# define LogNotice suck# define LogError suck#endif}#endif |
LogUtils.cpp
#include "LogUtils.h"#if defined(_LOG4CPP)#include <log4cpp/PropertyConfigurator.hh>// appenders#include <log4cpp/Appender.hh>#include <log4cpp/OstreamAppender.hh>#include <log4cpp/FileAppender.hh>#include <log4cpp/RollingFileAppender.hh>#include <log4cpp/AbortAppender.hh>#ifdef WIN32#include <log4cpp/Win32DebugAppender.hh>#include <log4cpp/NTEventLogAppender.hh>#endif#include <log4cpp/RemoteSyslogAppender.hh>#ifdef LOG4CPP_HAVE_LIBIDSA#include <log4cpp/IdsaAppender.hh>#endif // LOG4CPP_HAVE_LIBIDSA#ifdef LOG4CPP_HAVE_SYSLOG#include <log4cpp/SyslogAppender.hh>#endif// layouts#include <log4cpp/Layout.hh>#include <log4cpp/BasicLayout.hh>#include <log4cpp/SimpleLayout.hh>#include <log4cpp/PatternLayout.hh>#include <log4cpp/Priority.hh>#endifnamespace dk{ void InitializeLog4cpp(const std::string & logfile){ #if defined(_LOG4CPP) try { log4cpp::PropertyConfigurator::configure(logfile); } catch (log4cpp::ConfigureFailure & f) { std::cerr << "Configure Problem " << f.what() << std::endl; //#if defined(WIN32)// log4cpp::Appender * appender = new log4cpp::Win32DebugAppender("console"); //#else log4cpp::Appender * appender = new log4cpp::OstreamAppender("console", &std::cout);//#endif log4cpp::PatternLayout * patternLayout = new log4cpp::PatternLayout(); patternLayout->setConversionPattern("%d [%t] %p - %m%n"); appender->setLayout(patternLayout); log4cpp::Category & root = log4cpp::Category::getRoot(); root.addAppender(appender); root.setPriority(log4cpp::Priority::DEBUG); }#endif}void ReleaseLog4cpp(){ #if defined(_LOG4CPP) log4cpp::Category::shutdown();#endif}#if defined(_LOG4CPP)log4cpp::Category & GetLogCategory(const char * categoryName){ std::string name = "dk."; name.append(categoryName); return log4cpp::Category::getInstance(name);}#endifvoid suck(const char * fmt, ...){ if (fmt) {}}} |
LogTracer.h
#ifndef _LOG_TRACER_H_#define _LOG_TRACER_H_#if defined(_LOG4CPP) && defined(WIN32)#include <log4cpp/Category.hh>namespace log4cpp{ class Category;};namespace dk{ #include <stdarg.h>#include <stdio.h>class LogTracer{ public: LogTracer(log4cpp::Category & log, const std::string & prefix) : mLog(log) , mMsg(prefix) {} void operator()(const char * fmt, ...) { va_list ap; va_start(ap, fmt); AppendString(mMsg, fmt, ap); WriteLog(mMsg); va_end(ap); } private: virtual void WriteLog(const std::string & message) = 0; void AppendString(std::string & message, const char * format, va_list args) { size_t size = 1024; char * buffer = new char[size]; while (1) { int n = _vsnprintf(buffer, size, format, args); // If that worked, return a string. if ((n > -1) && (static_cast<size_t>(n) < size)) { message.append(buffer); delete [] buffer; return; } // Else try again with more space. size = (n > -1) ? n + 1 : // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 size * 2; // twice the old size delete [] buffer; buffer = new char[size]; } }private: // copy-ctor and operator= LogTracer(const LogTracer &); LogTracer & operator=(const LogTracer &);protected: log4cpp::Category & mLog; std::string mMsg;};class LogDebuger : public LogTracer{ public: LogDebuger(log4cpp::Category & log, const std::string & prefix) : LogTracer(log, prefix) { } private: virtual void WriteLog(const std::string & message) { mLog.debug(message); }};class LogInfoer : public LogTracer{ public: LogInfoer(log4cpp::Category & log, const std::string & prefix) : LogTracer(log, prefix) { } private: virtual void WriteLog(const std::string & message) { mLog.info(message); }};class LogNoticer : public LogTracer{ public: LogNoticer(log4cpp::Category & log, const std::string & prefix) : LogTracer(log, prefix) { } private: virtual void WriteLog(const std::string & message) { mLog.notice(message); }};class LogErrorer : public LogTracer{ public: LogErrorer(log4cpp::Category & log, const std::string & prefix) : LogTracer(log, prefix) { } private: virtual void WriteLog(const std::string & message) { mLog.error(message); }};}#endif#endif |